[PDF] Trans-ancestry epigenome-wide association meta-analysis of DNA methylation with lifetime cannabis use | Semantic Scholar (2024)

FAQs

How accurate is DNA methylation for age? ›

Here, we present GP-age, an epigenetic non-linear cohort-based clock for blood, based upon 11,910 methylomes. Using 30 CpG sites alone, GP-age outperforms state-of-the-art models, with a median accuracy of ∼2 years on held-out blood samples, for both array and sequencing-based data.

Aging is often marked by the establishment of global hypomethylation and regions of CpG island hypermethylation. These changes in the epigenetic landscape may contribute to aging by adversely affecting genomic stability and gene regulation.

Currently, there are three primary methods to identify and quantify DNA methylation. These are: sodium bisulfite conversion and sequencing, differential enzymatic cleavage of DNA, and affinity capture of methylated DNA (1). Restriction enzyme based differential cleavage of methylated DNA is locus-specific.

DNA methylation is a heritable epigenetic mark involving the covalent transfer of a methyl group to the C-5 position of the cytosine ring of DNA by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs).

DNA methylation, a process of adding a methyl group to DNA done by a DNA methyltransferase is a heritable (epigenetic) alteration leading to cancer, atherosclerosis, nervous disorders (Imprinting disorders), and cardiovascular diseases.

DNA methylation also plays an important role in X-chromosome inactivation, genomic imprinting and silencing of transposable elements. DNA methylation data are important for understanding the mechanisms underlying these cellular and molecular events.

DNA methylation plays a role in many rheumatic diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, dermatomyositis, and hypermobility syndromes.

DNMT3A2 protein catalyzes de novo DNA methylations. These several mechanisms convert external experiences into DNA methylations and initiated demethylations of neuronal DNA cytosines, causing changes in gene expression that are the basis of long-term memories.

Specifically, epigenetic reprogramming appears to be the most promising intervention at the moment, not only allowing it to slow down but also potentially reverse cellular ageing.

Genetic methylation tests can help to identify your risk for serious health conditions, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disorders, Paulvin explains.

What is the best DNA methylation test? ›

Bisulfite Sequencing. The technique of bisulfite sequencing is considered to be the “gold standard” method in DNA methylation studies.

S.R. and S.K.B.

DNA methylation is processed by a family of enzymes, the DNA methyl transferases (DNMTs), which are divided in three classes: DNMT1, DNMT2, and the DNMT3A/3B/3L.

DNA methylation is a reversible epigenetic mark, which has been implicated in DNA damage signaling, repair and replication. Sites of DNA methylation can trigger mutations, which are drivers of human diseases including cancer.

"The blood test, for example, has an accuracy of about 3.75 years over a whole age population, meaning that from newborns up to about 91 years of age our accuracy was about 3.75," said Bekaert. "The younger the individual is the higher the accuracy is because it has had less influence of the environment.

At present, DNA methylation is the most promising biological biomarker applied for age assessment. The human genome contains around 28 million DNA methylation sites, many of which change with age. Several epigenetic clocks accurately predict chronological age using methylation levels at age associated GpG-sites.

DNA methylation clocks, novel biomarkers of aging, are composed of a group of cytosine-phosphate-guanine dinucleotides, the DNA methylation status of which can be used to accurately measure subjective age. These clocks are considered accurate biomarkers of chronological age for humans and other vertebrates.

DNA methylation (DNAm) is a well-known factor signifying change during the aging process but also necessary for the development of mammals. Several studies reported that DNAm can be used as an important marker in predicting the age of a human.